Located deep within the Kiso Mountains of Gifu, the well-preserved castle town of Iwamura provides travelers with an image of ages past. Standing as one of the most culturally significant preservation districts in Japan—3rd in Gifu after Takayama and Shirakawa-go—this historical village remains relatively unchanged since the Edo Era.
A Brief History of Iwamura and Its Castle
- Castle constructed in 1185 by Kato Keiken during the Kamakura Period
- Strategically located at 717 meters above sea level, the highest elevation of any Japanese castle
- Nicknamed the "Misty Castle" due to its frequent shrouding in mountain fog
- Held for over 700 years, playing a critical role during the Warring States Period
- Ordered dismantled in 1873 as part of the Meiji Restoration's policy to modernize Japan
Iwamura Castle stood as a towering fortress through centuries of political upheaval. Though long gone, Iwamura Castle was once the highest mountain castle in all of Japan at 717m above sea level. Nicknamed the “Misty Castle,” the castle stood for over 700 years and was once embroiled in the brutal feuds of the Oda and Takeda clans.
The castle is most famously remembered for its lord during the Sengoku period, Lady Otsuya (aunt of Oda Nobunaga), who ruled with wisdom and valor during a time when female leadership was nearly unheard of. Her story, marked by loyalty, political marriage, betrayal, and execution, is etched into the cultural memory of the region.
Lady Otsuya: Japan's Female Samurai Ruler
In 1570, after the death of her husband, Otsuya took command of the castle. Following a prolonged siege by the Takeda clan, she made a political marriage with Akiyama Nobutomo to protect her people. Her adopted son (and Nobunaga’s biological son), Oda Katsunaga, was sent to Kai Province as a hostage.
Despite her efforts, Oda Nobunaga retaliated with 10,000 troops. After enduring six months of battle, Otsuya agreed to surrender under false pretenses and was ultimately executed by Nobunaga, a decision that drew criticism even in his time.
Today, banners with her image still hang from the eaves of homes in Iwamura, and her story remains a symbol of courage and sacrifice.
How to Visit Iwamura
Visiting Iwamura offers more than just ruins, it’s a chance to feel like you've stepped into old Japan. From traditional shops and preserved merchant houses to castle hikes, there is much to explore.
And fans of Japanese dramas may recognize the 1.3-kilometer-long old town as the location for the NHK drama "Hanbun, Aoi."
If you or your group is traveling Central Japan and are interested in visiting Iwamura, please contact us about creating a custom itinerary or arranging a private charter.
Recommended Tour: Escape to the mountains and enjoy a refreshing getaway through Japan’s picturesque Kiso Valley as you tour historic villages and embrace local traditions on Snow Monkey Resort's Rural Japan in Magome & the Kiso Valley Private Tour from Nagoya.
Stroll down the streets of Magome-juku a post town on the Nakasendo trail, learn Japanese calligraphy in a historic temple, and dine on a wide array of dishes at a farm-to-table buffet. Relax and recharge in the charming countryside villages of Central Japan as you are led by an experienced, English-speaking local guide on this private tour with convenient hotel pick-up and drop-off.
[START FROM NAGOYA] Rural Japan in Magome & the Kiso Valley Private Tour
- Spots:
- NagoyaKiso Valley
- Pick-up:
- Nagoya
- Drop-off:
- Nagoya
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What happened to Iwamura Castle?
The castle was dismantled in 1873 as part of the Meiji government's push to eliminate feudal symbols and modernize Japan.
Who was Lady Otsuya?
Lady Otsuya was the female ruler (Onna Joshu) of Iwamura Castle. As Oda Nobunaga’s aunt, she took over rule after her husband’s death and became a symbol of bravery during the Takeda siege.
Can you visit the original castle?
Only the ruins remain, but the mountaintop location is accessible and offers stunning views and interpretive signs explaining its history.
Is Iwamura wheelchair accessible?
The town itself has mostly flat walkways, though the climb to the castle ruins involves steep trails not suited to wheelchairs.
Additional Tips for Visiting Iwamura
- Best Seasons: Visit in spring for cherry blossoms or autumn for foliage—the town glows with color during both.
- Local Cuisine: Try gohei mochi (skewered rice cakes with miso sauce) and seasonal mountain vegetables at local eateries.
- Footwear: Wear comfortable shoes for walking cobblestone streets and hiking to the castle ruins.
- Cultural Events: Check ahead for local festivals celebrating indigo dyeing and traditional crafts.
- Souvenirs: Purchase indigo-dyed scarves or handkerchiefs as a unique, handmade keepsake.
